UTM.cpp
and UTM.h
is the same as the original Javascript: "The C++ source code in UTM.cpp and UTM.h may be copied and reused without restriction."
UTC.cpp
to UTC.c
).
int LatLonToUTMXY(FLOAT lat, FLOAT lon, int zone, FLOAT& x, FLOAT& y)
zone == 0
) then the correct one will be computed.x
and y
.
void UTMXYToLatLon (FLOAT x, FLOAT y, int zone, bool southhemi, FLOAT& lat, FLOAT& lon)
southhemi
should be set to false
southhemi
should be set to true
lat
and lon
.
FLOAT
is either double
(for 64-bit floating point)
or float
(for 32-bit floating point). Since the return values are passed by reference the
type of these variables must be the same in your code and in the library. See below for details.
UTM.h
and UTM.cpp
into the same directory as the rest of your code.#include "UTM.h"
UTM.h
:#define FLOAT_32
to //#define FLOAT_32
and change //#define FLOAT_64
to #define FLOAT_64
// UTM.h // Original Javascript by Chuck Taylor // Port to C++ by Alex Hajnal // // *** THIS CODE USES 32-BIT FLOATS BY DEFAULT *** // *** For 64-bit double-precision edit this file: undefine FLOAT_32 and define FLOAT_64 (see below) // // This is a simple port of the code on the Geographic/UTM Coordinate Converter (1) page from Javascript to C++. // Using this you can easily convert between UTM and WGS84 (latitude and longitude). // Accuracy seems to be around 50cm (I suspect rounding errors are limiting precision). // This code is provided as-is and has been minimally tested; enjoy but use at your own risk! // The license for UTM.cpp and UTM.h is the same as the original Javascript: // "The C++ source code in UTM.cpp and UTM.h may be copied and reused without restriction." // // 1) http://home.hiwaay.net/~taylorc/toolbox/geography/geoutm.html #ifndef UTM_H #define UTM_H // Choose floating point precision: // 32-bit (for Teensy 3.5/3.6 ARM boards, etc.) #define FLOAT_32 // 64-bit (for desktop/server use) //#define FLOAT_64 #ifdef FLOAT_64 #define FLOAT double #define SIN sin #define COS cos #define TAN tan #define POW pow #define SQRT sqrt #define FLOOR floor #else #ifdef FLOAT_32 #define FLOAT float #define SIN sinf #define COS cosf #define TAN tanf #define POW powf #define SQRT sqrtf #define FLOOR floorf #endif #endif #include <math.h> #define pi 3.14159265358979 /* Ellipsoid model constants (actual values here are for WGS84) */ #define sm_a 6378137.0 #define sm_b 6356752.314 #define sm_EccSquared 6.69437999013e-03 #define UTMScaleFactor 0.9996 // DegToRad // Converts degrees to radians. FLOAT DegToRad(FLOAT deg); // RadToDeg // Converts radians to degrees. FLOAT RadToDeg(FLOAT rad); // ArcLengthOfMeridian // Computes the ellipsoidal distance from the equator to a point at a // given latitude. // // Reference: Hoffmann-Wellenhof, B., Lichtenegger, H., and Collins, J., // GPS: Theory and Practice, 3rd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag Wien, 1994. // // Inputs: // phi - Latitude of the point, in radians. // // Globals: // sm_a - Ellipsoid model major axis. // sm_b - Ellipsoid model minor axis. // // Returns: // The ellipsoidal distance of the point from the equator, in meters. FLOAT ArcLengthOfMeridian (FLOAT phi); // UTMCentralMeridian // Determines the central meridian for the given UTM zone. // // Inputs: // zone - An integer value designating the UTM zone, range [1,60]. // // Returns: // The central meridian for the given UTM zone, in radians // Range of the central meridian is the radian equivalent of [-177,+177]. FLOAT UTMCentralMeridian(int zone); // FootpointLatitude // // Computes the footpoint latitude for use in converting transverse // Mercator coordinates to ellipsoidal coordinates. // // Reference: Hoffmann-Wellenhof, B., Lichtenegger, H., and Collins, J., // GPS: Theory and Practice, 3rd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag Wien, 1994. // // Inputs: // y - The UTM northing coordinate, in meters. // // Returns: // The footpoint latitude, in radians. FLOAT FootpointLatitude(FLOAT y); // MapLatLonToXY // Converts a latitude/longitude pair to x and y coordinates in the // Transverse Mercator projection. Note that Transverse Mercator is not // the same as UTM; a scale factor is required to convert between them. // // Reference: Hoffmann-Wellenhof, B., Lichtenegger, H., and Collins, J., // GPS: Theory and Practice, 3rd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag Wien, 1994. // // Inputs: // phi - Latitude of the point, in radians. // lambda - Longitude of the point, in radians. // lambda0 - Longitude of the central meridian to be used, in radians. // // Outputs: // x - The x coordinate of the computed point. // y - The y coordinate of the computed point. // // Returns: // The function does not return a value. void MapLatLonToXY (FLOAT phi, FLOAT lambda, FLOAT lambda0, FLOAT &x, FLOAT &y); // MapXYToLatLon // Converts x and y coordinates in the Transverse Mercator projection to // a latitude/longitude pair. Note that Transverse Mercator is not // the same as UTM; a scale factor is required to convert between them. // // Reference: Hoffmann-Wellenhof, B., Lichtenegger, H., and Collins, J., // GPS: Theory and Practice, 3rd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag Wien, 1994. // // Inputs: // x - The easting of the point, in meters. // y - The northing of the point, in meters. // lambda0 - Longitude of the central meridian to be used, in radians. // // Outputs: // phi - Latitude in radians. // lambda - Longitude in radians. // // Returns: // The function does not return a value. // // Remarks: // The local variables Nf, nuf2, tf, and tf2 serve the same purpose as // N, nu2, t, and t2 in MapLatLonToXY, but they are computed with respect // to the footpoint latitude phif. // // x1frac, x2frac, x2poly, x3poly, etc. are to enhance readability and // to optimize computations. void MapXYToLatLon (FLOAT x, FLOAT y, FLOAT lambda0, FLOAT& phi, FLOAT& lambda); // LatLonToUTMXY // Converts a latitude/longitude pair to x and y coordinates in the // Universal Transverse Mercator projection. // // Inputs: // lat - Latitude of the point, in radians. // lon - Longitude of the point, in radians. // zone - UTM zone to be used for calculating values for x and y. // If zone is less than 1 or greater than 60, the routine // will determine the appropriate zone from the value of lon. // // Outputs: // x - The x coordinate (easting) of the computed point. (in meters) // y - The y coordinate (northing) of the computed point. (in meters) // // Returns: // The UTM zone used for calculating the values of x and y. int LatLonToUTMXY (FLOAT lat, FLOAT lon, int zone, FLOAT& x, FLOAT& y); // UTMXYToLatLon // // Converts x and y coordinates in the Universal Transverse Mercator// The UTM zone parameter should be in the range [1,60]. // projection to a latitude/longitude pair. // // Inputs: // x - The easting of the point, in meters. // y - The northing of the point, in meters. // zone - The UTM zone in which the point lies. // southhemi - True if the point is in the southern hemisphere; // false otherwise. // // Outputs: // lat - The latitude of the point, in radians. // lon - The longitude of the point, in radians. // // Returns: // The function does not return a value. void UTMXYToLatLon (FLOAT x, FLOAT y, int zone, bool southhemi, FLOAT& lat, FLOAT& lon); #endif
// UTM.c // Original Javascript by Chuck Taylor // Port to C++ by Alex Hajnal // // *** THIS CODE USES 32-BIT FLOATS BY DEFAULT *** // *** For 64-bit double-precision edit UTM.h: undefine FLOAT_32 and define FLOAT_64 // // This is a simple port of the code on the Geographic/UTM Coordinate Converter (1) page from Javascript to C++. // Using this you can easily convert between UTM and WGS84 (latitude and longitude). // Accuracy seems to be around 50cm (I suspect rounding errors are limiting precision). // This code is provided as-is and has been minimally tested; enjoy but use at your own risk! // The license for UTM.cpp and UTM.h is the same as the original Javascript: // "The C++ source code in UTM.cpp and UTM.h may be copied and reused without restriction." // // 1) http://home.hiwaay.net/~taylorc/toolbox/geography/geoutm.html #include "UTM.h" // DegToRad // Converts degrees to radians. FLOAT DegToRad(FLOAT deg) { return (deg / 180.0 * pi); } // RadToDeg // Converts radians to degrees. FLOAT RadToDeg(FLOAT rad) { return (rad / pi * 180.0); } // ArcLengthOfMeridian // Computes the ellipsoidal distance from the equator to a point at a // given latitude. // // Reference: Hoffmann-Wellenhof, B., Lichtenegger, H., and Collins, J., // GPS: Theory and Practice, 3rd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag Wien, 1994. // // Inputs: // phi - Latitude of the point, in radians. // // Globals: // sm_a - Ellipsoid model major axis. // sm_b - Ellipsoid model minor axis. // // Returns: // The ellipsoidal distance of the point from the equator, in meters. FLOAT ArcLengthOfMeridian (FLOAT phi) { FLOAT alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon, n; FLOAT result; /* Precalculate n */ n = (sm_a - sm_b) / (sm_a + sm_b); /* Precalculate alpha */ alpha = ((sm_a + sm_b) / 2.0) * (1.0 + (POW(n, 2.0) / 4.0) + (POW(n, 4.0) / 64.0)); /* Precalculate beta */ beta = (-3.0 * n / 2.0) + (9.0 * POW(n, 3.0) / 16.0) + (-3.0 * POW(n, 5.0) / 32.0); /* Precalculate gamma */ gamma = (15.0 * POW(n, 2.0) / 16.0) + (-15.0 * POW(n, 4.0) / 32.0); /* Precalculate delta */ delta = (-35.0 * POW(n, 3.0) / 48.0) + (105.0 * POW(n, 5.0) / 256.0); /* Precalculate epsilon */ epsilon = (315.0 * POW(n, 4.0) / 512.0); /* Now calculate the sum of the series and return */ result = alpha * (phi + (beta * SIN(2.0 * phi)) + (gamma * SIN(4.0 * phi)) + (delta * SIN(6.0 * phi)) + (epsilon * SIN(8.0 * phi))); return result; } // UTMCentralMeridian // Determines the central meridian for the given UTM zone. // // Inputs: // zone - An integer value designating the UTM zone, range [1,60]. // // Returns: // The central meridian for the given UTM zone, in radians // Range of the central meridian is the radian equivalent of [-177,+177]. FLOAT UTMCentralMeridian(int zone) { FLOAT cmeridian; cmeridian = DegToRad(-183.0 + ((FLOAT)zone * 6.0)); return cmeridian; } // FootpointLatitude // // Computes the footpoint latitude for use in converting transverse // Mercator coordinates to ellipsoidal coordinates. // // Reference: Hoffmann-Wellenhof, B., Lichtenegger, H., and Collins, J., // GPS: Theory and Practice, 3rd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag Wien, 1994. // // Inputs: // y - The UTM northing coordinate, in meters. // // Returns: // The footpoint latitude, in radians. FLOAT FootpointLatitude(FLOAT y) { FLOAT y_, alpha_, beta_, gamma_, delta_, epsilon_, n; FLOAT result; /* Precalculate n (Eq. 10.18) */ n = (sm_a - sm_b) / (sm_a + sm_b); /* Precalculate alpha_ (Eq. 10.22) */ /* (Same as alpha in Eq. 10.17) */ alpha_ = ((sm_a + sm_b) / 2.0) * (1 + (POW(n, 2.0) / 4) + (POW(n, 4.0) / 64)); /* Precalculate y_ (Eq. 10.23) */ y_ = y / alpha_; /* Precalculate beta_ (Eq. 10.22) */ beta_ = (3.0 * n / 2.0) + (-27.0 * POW(n, 3.0) / 32.0) + (269.0 * POW(n, 5.0) / 512.0); /* Precalculate gamma_ (Eq. 10.22) */ gamma_ = (21.0 * POW(n, 2.0) / 16.0) + (-55.0 * POW(n, 4.0) / 32.0); /* Precalculate delta_ (Eq. 10.22) */ delta_ = (151.0 * POW(n, 3.0) / 96.0) + (-417.0 * POW(n, 5.0) / 128.0); /* Precalculate epsilon_ (Eq. 10.22) */ epsilon_ = (1097.0 * POW(n, 4.0) / 512.0); /* Now calculate the sum of the series (Eq. 10.21) */ result = y_ + (beta_ * SIN(2.0 * y_)) + (gamma_ * SIN(4.0 * y_)) + (delta_ * SIN(6.0 * y_)) + (epsilon_ * SIN(8.0 * y_)); return result; } // MapLatLonToXY // Converts a latitude/longitude pair to x and y coordinates in the // Transverse Mercator projection. Note that Transverse Mercator is not // the same as UTM; a scale factor is required to convert between them. // // Reference: Hoffmann-Wellenhof, B., Lichtenegger, H., and Collins, J., // GPS: Theory and Practice, 3rd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag Wien, 1994. // // Inputs: // phi - Latitude of the point, in radians. // lambda - Longitude of the point, in radians. // lambda0 - Longitude of the central meridian to be used, in radians. // // Outputs: // x - The x coordinate of the computed point. // y - The y coordinate of the computed point. // // Returns: // The function does not return a value. void MapLatLonToXY (FLOAT phi, FLOAT lambda, FLOAT lambda0, FLOAT &x, FLOAT &y) { FLOAT N, nu2, ep2, t, t2, l; FLOAT l3coef, l4coef, l5coef, l6coef, l7coef, l8coef; //FLOAT tmp; // Unused /* Precalculate ep2 */ ep2 = (POW(sm_a, 2.0) - POW(sm_b, 2.0)) / POW(sm_b, 2.0); /* Precalculate nu2 */ nu2 = ep2 * POW(COS(phi), 2.0); /* Precalculate N */ N = POW(sm_a, 2.0) / (sm_b * SQRT(1 + nu2)); /* Precalculate t */ t = TAN(phi); t2 = t * t; //tmp = (t2 * t2 * t2) - POW(t, 6.0); // Unused /* Precalculate l */ l = lambda - lambda0; /* Precalculate coefficients for l**n in the equations below so a normal human being can read the expressions for easting and northing -- l**1 and l**2 have coefficients of 1.0 */ l3coef = 1.0 - t2 + nu2; l4coef = 5.0 - t2 + 9 * nu2 + 4.0 * (nu2 * nu2); l5coef = 5.0 - 18.0 * t2 + (t2 * t2) + 14.0 * nu2 - 58.0 * t2 * nu2; l6coef = 61.0 - 58.0 * t2 + (t2 * t2) + 270.0 * nu2 - 330.0 * t2 * nu2; l7coef = 61.0 - 479.0 * t2 + 179.0 * (t2 * t2) - (t2 * t2 * t2); l8coef = 1385.0 - 3111.0 * t2 + 543.0 * (t2 * t2) - (t2 * t2 * t2); /* Calculate easting (x) */ x = N * COS(phi) * l + (N / 6.0 * POW(COS(phi), 3.0) * l3coef * POW(l, 3.0)) + (N / 120.0 * POW(COS(phi), 5.0) * l5coef * POW(l, 5.0)) + (N / 5040.0 * POW(COS(phi), 7.0) * l7coef * POW(l, 7.0)); /* Calculate northing (y) */ y = ArcLengthOfMeridian (phi) + (t / 2.0 * N * POW(COS(phi), 2.0) * POW(l, 2.0)) + (t / 24.0 * N * POW(COS(phi), 4.0) * l4coef * POW(l, 4.0)) + (t / 720.0 * N * POW(COS(phi), 6.0) * l6coef * POW(l, 6.0)) + (t / 40320.0 * N * POW(COS(phi), 8.0) * l8coef * POW(l, 8.0)); return; } // MapXYToLatLon // Converts x and y coordinates in the Transverse Mercator projection to // a latitude/longitude pair. Note that Transverse Mercator is not // the same as UTM; a scale factor is required to convert between them. // // Reference: Hoffmann-Wellenhof, B., Lichtenegger, H., and Collins, J., // GPS: Theory and Practice, 3rd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag Wien, 1994. // // Inputs: // x - The easting of the point, in meters. // y - The northing of the point, in meters. // lambda0 - Longitude of the central meridian to be used, in radians. // // Outputs: // phi - Latitude in radians. // lambda - Longitude in radians. // // Returns: // The function does not return a value. // // Remarks: // The local variables Nf, nuf2, tf, and tf2 serve the same purpose as // N, nu2, t, and t2 in MapLatLonToXY, but they are computed with respect // to the footpoint latitude phif. // // x1frac, x2frac, x2poly, x3poly, etc. are to enhance readability and // to optimize computations. void MapXYToLatLon (FLOAT x, FLOAT y, FLOAT lambda0, FLOAT& phi, FLOAT& lambda) { FLOAT phif, Nf, Nfpow, nuf2, ep2, tf, tf2, tf4, cf; FLOAT x1frac, x2frac, x3frac, x4frac, x5frac, x6frac, x7frac, x8frac; FLOAT x2poly, x3poly, x4poly, x5poly, x6poly, x7poly, x8poly; /* Get the value of phif, the footpoint latitude. */ phif = FootpointLatitude (y); /* Precalculate ep2 */ ep2 = (POW(sm_a, 2.0) - POW(sm_b, 2.0)) / POW(sm_b, 2.0); /* Precalculate cos (phif) */ cf = COS(phif); /* Precalculate nuf2 */ nuf2 = ep2 * POW(cf, 2.0); /* Precalculate Nf and initialize Nfpow */ Nf = POW(sm_a, 2.0) / (sm_b * SQRT(1 + nuf2)); Nfpow = Nf; /* Precalculate tf */ tf = TAN(phif); tf2 = tf * tf; tf4 = tf2 * tf2; /* Precalculate fractional coefficients for x**n in the equations below to simplify the expressions for latitude and longitude. */ x1frac = 1.0 / (Nfpow * cf); Nfpow *= Nf; /* now equals Nf**2) */ x2frac = tf / (2.0 * Nfpow); Nfpow *= Nf; /* now equals Nf**3) */ x3frac = 1.0 / (6.0 * Nfpow * cf); Nfpow *= Nf; /* now equals Nf**4) */ x4frac = tf / (24.0 * Nfpow); Nfpow *= Nf; /* now equals Nf**5) */ x5frac = 1.0 / (120.0 * Nfpow * cf); Nfpow *= Nf; /* now equals Nf**6) */ x6frac = tf / (720.0 * Nfpow); Nfpow *= Nf; /* now equals Nf**7) */ x7frac = 1.0 / (5040.0 * Nfpow * cf); Nfpow *= Nf; /* now equals Nf**8) */ x8frac = tf / (40320.0 * Nfpow); /* Precalculate polynomial coefficients for x**n. -- x**1 does not have a polynomial coefficient. */ x2poly = -1.0 - nuf2; x3poly = -1.0 - 2 * tf2 - nuf2; x4poly = 5.0 + 3.0 * tf2 + 6.0 * nuf2 - 6.0 * tf2 * nuf2 - 3.0 * (nuf2 *nuf2) - 9.0 * tf2 * (nuf2 * nuf2); x5poly = 5.0 + 28.0 * tf2 + 24.0 * tf4 + 6.0 * nuf2 + 8.0 * tf2 * nuf2; x6poly = -61.0 - 90.0 * tf2 - 45.0 * tf4 - 107.0 * nuf2 + 162.0 * tf2 * nuf2; x7poly = -61.0 - 662.0 * tf2 - 1320.0 * tf4 - 720.0 * (tf4 * tf2); x8poly = 1385.0 + 3633.0 * tf2 + 4095.0 * tf4 + 1575 * (tf4 * tf2); /* Calculate latitude */ phi = phif + x2frac * x2poly * (x * x) + x4frac * x4poly * POW(x, 4.0) + x6frac * x6poly * POW(x, 6.0) + x8frac * x8poly * POW(x, 8.0); /* Calculate longitude */ lambda = lambda0 + x1frac * x + x3frac * x3poly * POW(x, 3.0) + x5frac * x5poly * POW(x, 5.0) + x7frac * x7poly * POW(x, 7.0); return; } // LatLonToUTMXY // Converts a latitude/longitude pair to x and y coordinates in the // Universal Transverse Mercator projection. // // Inputs: // lat - Latitude of the point, in radians. // lon - Longitude of the point, in radians. // zone - UTM zone to be used for calculating values for x and y. // If zone is less than 1 or greater than 60, the routine // will determine the appropriate zone from the value of lon. // // Outputs: // x - The x coordinate (easting) of the computed point. (in meters) // y - The y coordinate (northing) of the computed point. (in meters) // // Returns: // The UTM zone used for calculating the values of x and y. int LatLonToUTMXY (FLOAT lat, FLOAT lon, int zone, FLOAT& x, FLOAT& y) { if ( (zone < 1) || (zone > 60) ) zone = FLOOR((lon + 180.0) / 6) + 1; MapLatLonToXY (DegToRad(lat), DegToRad(lon), UTMCentralMeridian(zone), x, y); /* Adjust easting and northing for UTM system. */ x = x * UTMScaleFactor + 500000.0; y = y * UTMScaleFactor; if (y < 0.0) y = y + 10000000.0; return zone; } // UTMXYToLatLon // // Converts x and y coordinates in the Universal Transverse Mercator // projection to a latitude/longitude pair. // // Inputs: // x - The easting of the point, in meters. // y - The northing of the point, in meters. // zone - The UTM zone in which the point lies. // southhemi - True if the point is in the southern hemisphere; // false otherwise. // // Outputs: // lat - The latitude of the point, in radians. // lon - The longitude of the point, in radians. // // Returns: // The function does not return a value. void UTMXYToLatLon (FLOAT x, FLOAT y, int zone, bool southhemi, FLOAT& lat, FLOAT& lon) { FLOAT cmeridian; x -= 500000.0; x /= UTMScaleFactor; /* If in southern hemisphere, adjust y accordingly. */ if (southhemi) y -= 10000000.0; y /= UTMScaleFactor; cmeridian = UTMCentralMeridian (zone); MapXYToLatLon (x, y, cmeridian, lat, lon); return; }